Haumium is the provisional non-systematic name of an undiscovered element with the symbol Ha and atomic number 219. Haumium was named after Haumea, which is an elongated dwarf planet in the Solar System. This hypothetical element with atomic number 219 is known in the scientific literature as biunennium (Bue), dvi-roentgenium or simply element 219. It is located in the periodic table coordinate 8d9.
Atomic properties[]
Since its atomic number is greater than 173 (messierium), the properties below are only predicted. Its nucleus contains 219 protons and 566 neutrons, corresponding to its nuclear ratio (neutrons per proton) of 2.58. With reference to the elements before, it is quite certain that a haumium atom has a mass greater than 790 amu. There are two electrons in the 10s orbital, two electrons in the 10p orbital, fourteen electrons in the 7f orbital, ten electrons in the 8d orbital, eighteen electrons in the 6g orbital and three electrons in the 9p orbital for this element.
Isotopes[]
Like every other element heavier than lead, haumium has no stable isotopes. The longest-lived isotope is 785Ha, with a half life of 2.6 milliseconds (2.6 × 10-3 s). It is expected to decay by spontaneous fission like other elements in this range.
It is also expected to have several isomers, which are excited states of normal ground state isotopes. It is possible that some of them have half-lives longer than the the longest-lived ground state isotope.
Chemical properties and compounds[]
Haumium may resemble ethnothorium in terms of chemical compounds. Haumium may share similarities with the other group 11 elements (namely copper, silver, gold, roentgenium and becquerelium). Therefore, haumium is expected to form a +1 (univalent) oxidation state. In addition, it may exhibit higher oxidation states from +3 to +7, losing electrons in the 9p3/2, 10s and 10p orbitals. Some possible haumium compounds include haumium phosphide (HaP), haumium iodate (HaIO3) and organohaumium compounds.
Physical properties[]
The color of haumium has not been determined or predicted yet. The coloration of metals is due to certain exchange of energies between different orbitals. Its density and molar volume has not been calculated yet. Like most metals, haumium is predicted to be solid at room temperature and is predicted to be paramagnetic.
Occurrence[]
It is possible that haumium doesn't exist in the universe at all, at any time in the past or in the future. This is because certain relativistic calculations state that the electrons of the 1s orbital will reach or exceed the speed of light in this element. Under this hypothesis, this element is impossible to create or exist. However, such a limit remains unproven, and it is possible that heavier elements and quantum mechanics will be further studied in the future, refining the limit of the number of protons an electrically neutral atom can have. Other common limits predicted include 137, 210, 245, 324 or even unlimited.
Synthesis[]
It might be impossible to synthesize haumium due to quantum restrictions on the speed of electrons. If synthesis is possible, then nuclei of a couple lighter elements must be fused together, and the right amount of neutrons must be seeded. This operation would be impossible using current technology since it requires a tremendous amount of energy, thus its cross section would be so low that it is beyond the technological limit. Even if synthesis succeeds, this resulting element would almost immediately undergo fission.
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